“Solid Deck Stain: One Or Two Coats?”

When it comes to staining your deck, there are a few things to consider, such as the type of stain and the condition of the wood. Solid-colour wood stains typically require two coats for optimum durability and to hide the wood grain and imperfections. However, it's important to note that some stains may perform worse with multiple coats, so it's always a good idea to read the manufacturer's instructions.

The number of coats you need also depends on the type of wood. For example, extremely dense hardwoods may only be able to absorb one coat of stain. On the other hand, older decks that are drier and have larger cracks will absorb more stain, so they may require two or more coats.

When applying multiple coats, it's essential to maintain a constant motion to ensure an even finish. Additionally, choosing a suitable day for staining, avoiding direct sunlight, and using the right tools, such as brushes or sprayers, can help achieve the desired results.

Solid-colour wood stains require two coats for optimum durability

However, it is important to note that some stains will perform worse with multiple coats. If you apply a second, unnecessary coat of stain to wood that is already adequately covered, you risk creating a tacky surface that is prone to early peeling because the second coat is not penetrating the wood surface but simply layering on top of the first coat. Therefore, it is always important to read the manufacturer's directions and follow their instructions.

When applying two coats, it is important to note that you should not allow the product to dry out between coats, especially with waterborne products. Most stains will have some type of wax or paraffin in them, which helps them repel water. Applying a waterborne material over the top of a dried and cured first coat will result in it being repelled by these waxes, laying on the surface, and eventually peeling.

Additionally, it is recommended to avoid staining in direct sunlight. Direct sunlight will always raise the temperature of the wood and can do so significantly. Applying stain to a hot surface will almost always result in a disaster as the stain is cooked by the sun before it has a chance to penetrate deeply into the wood. Always try to stain in the shade or during the cooler parts of the day.

Applying a second coat of stain fills up the cell structure of the wood

When applying a solid-colour wood stain to your deck, it is generally recommended that you apply two thin coats for optimum durability. Applying two coats of solid wood stain will also help to hide the wood grain and any imperfections.

The number of coats of stain you apply depends on the type of stain and the type of wood. Some stains will perform worse with multiple coats. Wood stain is not like paint, and you should only apply as much stain as the wood can absorb. Typically, this will be two coats, but extremely dense hardwoods may only be able to absorb one coat.

When applying a second coat of stain, you should pay attention to the time that elapses between the first and second coats. Usually, you should wait between four and five hours, depending on the temperature outside. You can test whether the first coat is ready for another layer by touching it lightly. If it feels tacky to the touch (a little sticky but not wet), then you can apply the second coat.

As you move along with your second coat of stain, pay attention to any spots where the stain is pooling. Use a soft cloth to blot these pools of stain. Leaving excess stain will result in darker areas that can flake off because they are not part of the wood. Once blotted, use your brush to smooth out the area and ensure an even coating.

Avoid staining in direct sunlight

When staining a deck, it is important to avoid staining in direct sunlight. Here are some reasons why, along with some tips to help you achieve the best results:

• Sunlight can cause the stain to separate, leading to premature aging and cracks in the finish. The extreme heat from direct sunlight can cause the top layer of the stain to dry too quickly, resulting in a tacky surface that is prone to early peeling.
• Staining in direct sunlight can also affect the curing and drying process of the deck stain. The intense heat can cause the wood's surface temperature to rise, leading to improper curing and drying. This may result in a blotchy appearance, shiny spots, and potential premature failure of the deck stain.
• To avoid these issues, plan your staining project for a day that is partly sunny, dry, and with temperatures between 50°F and 90°F (10°C and 32°C). Start your project in the early morning or late afternoon when the sun is not at its peak.
• If possible, stain your deck on a cloudy day or in the shade. This will help prevent the issues caused by direct sunlight.
• Always follow the manufacturer's instructions for the best results, as different products may have specific recommendations.
• Before staining, ensure your deck is properly prepared. It should be clean, dry, and smooth. Sand any splintered areas, secure loose boards, and replace any damaged boards.
• Choose the right tools for application, such as high-quality synthetic brushes or rollers with a short nap to prevent overstaining and pooling.
• Apply thin coats of stain to no more than three deck boards at a time, using gentle, long strokes. Allow the first coat to dry completely before applying the second coat.

Always use a brush to apply the stain or to back brush after spraying

When it comes to staining your deck, it's important to consider the type of stain you're using and the application method that will work best for your project. Solid colour wood stains typically require two thin coats for optimal durability and to hide wood grain and imperfections. Now, let's dive into why you should always use a brush to apply the stain or to back brush after spraying.

Using a brush to apply stain ensures precise application and allows you to work the stain into the wood's grain and crevices. This is especially important if you're dealing with rough or weathered wood surfaces. Brushes with natural bristles are ideal for alkyd or oil-based stains, as they pick up excess stain and redeposit it in areas that need more coverage. Synthetic bristles, on the other hand, are better suited for acrylic or acrylic/oil stains and are more cost-effective.

Back-brushing is a crucial step when using a sprayer to apply stain, especially on exterior projects. While spraying can provide a uniform finish and cover large areas quickly, back-brushing ensures better adhesion and a longer-lasting result. By using a brush or roller to work the stain into cracks and crevices, you create a stronger bond between the stain and the wood surface. This technique is essential for rougher surfaces, such as cedar siding or weathered wood, as it helps fill in ridges, nail holes, and cracks.

When back-brushing, it's important to work while the stain is still wet. This allows you to create a smooth and even finish. Additionally, always choose a brush that is slightly narrower than the surface you're coating. For narrow surfaces, a 1- to 2-inch brush is ideal, while a 2 1/2- to 3-inch brush is suitable for railings and narrow boards. For large surfaces, opt for a 3 1/2-inch or larger brush.

By following these guidelines and using a brush to apply stain or to back-brush after spraying, you'll achieve a high-quality and durable finish on your deck staining project.

Water-based solid stains will need two coats

It is important to note that each coat should be thin. Applying thick coats of stain will cause your deck to become sticky. If you are using a waterborne product, it is also essential to avoid letting the first coat dry out before applying the second, as this will cause the second coat to be repelled and result in peeling.

When applying the second coat, use a second 4-inch brush to ensure a smooth application and finish. Pay special attention to any spots where the stain is pooling, and use a soft cloth to blot these areas. Leaving excess stain will cause darker areas that can flake off, leaving sections of your deck unprotected.

If you are unsure how many coats to apply, always refer to the manufacturer's instructions.

Frequently asked questions