The Evolution Of Computer-Made T-Shirts

The And That's How Computers Are Made T-shirt is a fun and quirky clothing item that has gained popularity among programmers, software engineers, and computer enthusiasts. With a playful statement on computer assembly, the T-shirt has become a unique way for tech-savvy individuals to express their passion for technology. Available in various styles, including unisex, men's, and women's fits, the T-shirt is made from lightweight and comfortable materials, making it a perfect addition to any tech lover's wardrobe.

The role of the CPU

The central processing unit (CPU) is often referred to as the "brain" of a computer system. It is the most important processor in a computer and is responsible for executing a range of instructions, including arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O) operations.

The CPU is made up of three main components: the arithmetic-logic unit (ALU), the processor registers, and the control unit (CU). The ALU performs arithmetic and logic operations, while the processor registers supply operands to the ALU and store the results of these operations. The control unit orchestrates the fetching, decoding, and execution of instructions by directing the coordinated operations of the ALU, registers, and other components.

The CPU's role can be broken down into three main steps: fetch, decode, and execute. During the fetch step, the CPU retrieves an instruction from program memory, with the location determined by the program counter. In the decode step, the instruction is converted into signals that control other parts of the CPU. Finally, during the execute step, the instruction is carried out, with different parts of the CPU being activated and controlled by the control unit.

The CPU also includes an address generation unit (AGU) that calculates memory addresses, reducing the number of cycles needed for executing instructions. Additionally, modern CPUs often contain multiple ALUs to improve performance.

The CPU plays a crucial role in processing all the data we use in computers, from browsing the internet to playing games and running software. It is the workhorse of the computer, carrying out all important functions and ensuring that our instructions are executed efficiently.

The motherboard's function

The motherboard is the backbone of a computer, acting as a central hub that ties all the components together and allows them to communicate with each other. It is the main circuit board inside a computer that connects the different parts and distributes power to them. Here are some key functions of the motherboard:

Manages Data Flow

The motherboard's BIOS component ensures that the operating system interacts smoothly with input and output devices like the keyboard and mouse, allowing it to process instructions and perform the intended tasks. It also manages data flow through its USB ports, enabling data transfer between devices and the computer.

Conserves Resources

The motherboard connects all the computer components, saving users time, energy, and money. It provides a platform for manufacturers to connect the necessary parts, so users don't have to manually assemble and connect different components.

Optimises Power Distribution

The motherboard provides and distributes power efficiently. It has a power connector that links the computer to a power source and converts the current into a form the computer can use. The integrated circuit technology ensures each component receives the required power, optimising energy consumption.

Drives Communication

The motherboard facilitates communication between different components. Its circuit technology enables multiple components to work together to complete tasks. It also relies on certain parts, such as the CPU, BIOS, expansion ports, and USB ports, to interact with the computer's operating system.

Enhances Performance

Motherboards improve the computer's capabilities with additional features like built-in sound and video functions. They also allow for the connection of peripheral devices like printers, enabling the computer to perform tasks like printing documents.

Improves Reliability

A high-quality motherboard provides a stable foundation for its components, ensuring efficient control of the computer's hardware. Proper cooling systems and integrated circuit technology enhance the motherboard's reliability, allowing the computer to perform tasks efficiently and improving the overall user experience.

RAM and long-term memory

Random-Access Memory, or RAM, is a computer's short-term memory. It is a temporary storage bank that holds data that the processor is currently using. RAM is much faster to read from and write to than long-term storage devices such as hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs). This is because RAM is physically small and stored in microchips, which are gathered into memory modules that plug into a computer's motherboard.

However, the trade-off for this speed is that RAM is volatile. It loses all data when the computer is turned off. When the computer is turned on again, the operating system and other files must be reloaded into RAM. This is usually done by retrieving the data from an HDD or SSD.

The amount of RAM a computer has affects its performance. The more RAM a computer has, the faster it runs. This is because the processor does not have to read data from the hard disk or solid-state drive, which takes longer than reading data from RAM. If a computer runs out of RAM, it has to move things around to free up space on the hard disk, which slows down the computer.

RAM is measured in gigabytes (GB) and typically comes in amounts of 4GB, 8GB, or 16GB. Some computers have even more RAM, with amounts of 32GB or 64GB. The amount of RAM needed depends on the applications and programs being used, how many are open at the same time, and the desired speed of performance. For example, a computer being used for video editing or serious gaming will require more RAM than one being used for web browsing or working with standard office applications.

Long-term storage devices, such as HDDs or SSDs, provide a place to store data when it is not in use by the processor. They retain data when the computer is turned off, unlike RAM. They have a much larger storage capacity than RAM, with hard drives typically holding 10 terabytes (TB) of data compared to 8GB or 16GB of RAM.

How to build a computer from scratch

Building a computer from scratch can be intimidating, but it's a rewarding process that will give you a new set of skills and a computer tailored to your needs. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to build a computer from scratch:

Planning and Gathering Components:

Before you begin, plan your build by deciding on your budget, the computer's purpose (e.g., gaming, video editing), and the physical size and location of the computer. Select compatible parts, including the CPU, storage (SSD or HDD), GPU (for gaming or intensive tasks), monitor, keyboard, mouse, and case.

Prepare the Workspace:

Clear a clean, flat workspace, preferably with a non-metal surface. Gather the necessary tools, such as a Phillips-head screwdriver, an anti-static wrist strap, and a knife or scissors. If you're concerned about static electricity, work on a bare floor, wear rubber-soled shoes, and consider using an anti-static wristband connected to the computer case.

Install the Power Supply:

Open the computer case and lay it down in your work area. Remove any internal packaging or dangling wires. Identify the location for the power supply (usually at the rear, top, or bottom of the case) and install it with the fan facing down. Secure it with screws and, if it's a modular PSU, plug in the necessary power cables.

Install the Processor:

Carefully remove the motherboard from its packaging and place it on a flat surface. Identify the CPU socket (square with a plastic cover for new motherboards) and unhook the metal retention lever to lift the cover. Line up the processor by matching notches or triangles on the CPU with those on the socket. Gently place the CPU into the socket, ensuring it's correctly oriented. Secure the processor by pressing down the retention arm.

Install the CPU Cooler:

Apply a pea-sized amount of thermal paste to the center of the CPU. Place the CPU cooler on top, aligning any brackets or bolts with the mounting holes on the motherboard. Secure the cooler with screws, ensuring it's tight enough to prevent CPU movement without overtightening. If your cooler has a separate fan, attach it and plug its connector into the CPU cooler port on the motherboard.

Install the Motherboard:

If your motherboard has an integrated rear panel, install it at the back of the case, ensuring it aligns with the motherboard's outputs. Place the motherboard inside the case, pushing and wiggling it into place so that the I/O panel and screw holes line up. Screw the motherboard into the insulating standoffs to prevent shorting.

Connect the Motherboard:

Connect the motherboard's main power cable (a wide, two-row cable) to the board. Some motherboards also have additional four-pin or eight-pin connectors near the CPU. Connect the case plugs and buttons (power, reset, activity LEDs) to the motherboard, following the manual for the correct pins. Connect the USB headers and front-panel audio connectors (typically eight-by-two pins with a plastic housing).

Install the Graphics Card:

Remove the rectangular backplate(s) from the case to make room for the graphics card. Grab the graphics card and slot it into the motherboard, ensuring the ports align with the case's rear. Secure the card with screws and connect any necessary power cables from the power supply.

Install Expansion Cards:

If you're adding expansion cards for wireless networking, sound, video capture, etc., follow a similar process as the graphics card installation. Remove the corresponding metal bracket at the back of the case, line up the card's contacts with the slot, and push it firmly. Secure the card with screws and connect any required power cables.

Install Hard Drives and SSDs:

Identify the mounting points for hard drives or SSDs in your case. Slot in the drive, secure it with screws, and attach the SATA data and power cables. For M.2 SSDs, locate the designated slot on the motherboard, remove any retaining screws, and insert the drive at a 45-degree angle. Push it down gently until it clicks into place, then replace the screw.

Final Connections and Boot-Up:

Connect all necessary power cables from the power supply to the components. Double-check your connections and press the power button. If the computer doesn't boot, don't panic. Check for error messages, consult your motherboard's manual, and ensure all connections are secure.

Install the Operating System:

Once the system boots, install your chosen operating system (e.g., Windows) and any necessary drivers for your hardware.

Test and Enjoy:

Keep an eye on your system temperatures for a few days to ensure everything is functioning optimally. With some luck and attention to detail, you now have a fully operational, custom-built computer!

The raw materials used

The t-shirts are made from 100% cotton, with the exception of the Heather Grey and Heather colours, which are made from 90% cotton and 10% polyester, and 58% cotton and 42% polyester, respectively. The fabric weight is 4.2 oz/yd² (142 g/m²). The t-shirts are pre-shrunk and feature side-seamed construction and shoulder-to-shoulder taping. The manufacturer recommends sizing up for men's fit for a looser fit, while women's fit is true to size.

Frequently asked questions