Propane Tank Top Heaters: How Do They Work?

Propane heaters are a popular choice for those looking to heat their homes, patios, or workspaces. They are affordable, reliable, and clean-burning. Propane heaters come in various types, including forced air, tank-mounted radiant heaters, and tank top heaters. While some propane heaters are designed for indoor use, others are specifically for outdoor use. Using an outdoor propane heater indoors can lead to carbon monoxide poisoning if not used properly. To understand how long a propane heater can run, it is essential to know the heating needs of the space, which can be calculated using the BTUs (British Thermal Unit) produced by the heater, the square footage of the area, and the outside temperature.

Propane heaters are fuelled by liquid propane, stored in cylinders

When calculating how long a propane heater will run, you need to consider the BTU output, the size of the space being heated, and the outside temperature. For example, a 15-pound Blue Rhino propane tank can provide almost the same amount of heat as a 20-pound tank, which is enough to heat a 1,000 square-foot garage for over 10 hours.

Propane is a popular choice as it offers more BTUs per gallon than natural gas and generates substantially more heat than electric space heaters. It is also readily available from distributors or retail tank exchange locations.

It is important to note that propane heaters are designed for either indoor or outdoor use, and using an outdoor heater indoors can be dangerous and increase the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning. Always ensure there is adequate ventilation when using a propane heater, and consider investing in a carbon monoxide detector for added safety.

Heat production is measured in BTUs

The BTU rating of a propane tank top heater can vary depending on the size and type of heater. For example, a single tank top heater typically has a BTU rating of around 15,000, while a double tank top heater can have a rating of 30,000 BTUs or more. Some propane tank top heaters also offer adjustable heat settings, allowing you to control the heat output to suit your needs.

When choosing a propane tank top heater, it's important to consider the size and insulation of the space you want to heat. If you have a well-insulated space, a heater with a lower BTU rating may be sufficient. However, if you're heating a larger or poorly insulated area, such as a garage, workshop, or outdoor space, you'll likely need a heater with a higher BTU rating to effectively raise the temperature.

Additionally, it's worth noting that the BTU input and output of a heater may differ. The BTU input refers to the number of BTUs of heat created by the heater, while the output takes into account any heat lost through exhaust or ventilation. For example, a vented heater with an 80% efficiency rating and a 30,000 BTU input would have an output of 24,000 BTUs, with 6,000 BTUs lost through exhaust.

By understanding the BTU rating and considering your specific heating needs, you can choose a propane tank top heater that provides the right amount of heat for your space.

The amount of heat needed depends on the space being heated and the outdoor temperature

The amount of heat needed to warm a space depends on several factors, including the size of the space, the outdoor temperature, the climate, and the building materials used.

The first step in determining the appropriate heating system for a space is to calculate the number of British Thermal Units (BTUs) required to raise the temperature of the space to the desired level. The basic rule of thumb is that you need 30 BTUs of heating output per square foot of living space. For example, a 100-square-foot room typically requires 3,000 BTUs to maintain a comfortable temperature.

However, the outdoor temperature will also play a significant role in determining the number of BTUs needed. The colder the outside temperature, the more BTUs will be required to heat the space to the desired temperature. For instance, in warmer climates in the southern United States (Zone 1 or 2), 30-40 BTUs per square foot are required, while in the northern areas of Zone 5, up to 60 BTUs per square foot may be needed.

Additionally, the size of the space in terms of both square footage and cubic footage is a factor. A larger space will naturally require more heat, but it's important not to oversize the heater, as this can lead to reduced efficiency and other issues.

Other factors that can impact heating needs include the building materials used, the quality of insulation, the number of windows, and the direction the building faces. Taking all these factors into account, installers can determine the correct heating load calculations to size a heating system appropriately for a given space.

Propane heaters are generally identified for indoor or outdoor use

Indoor propane heaters are typically smaller and often portable, with heating capacities ranging from 3,800 to 45,000 BTU. They are designed to heat spaces up to a certain size, usually between 95 and 450 square feet. These heaters come with safety features like tip-over shutoff mechanisms, low-oxygen sensors, and oxygen-depletion sensors to prevent accidents and ensure safe operation. It is important to note that proper ventilation is still necessary to maintain healthy oxygen levels in the room.

On the other hand, outdoor propane heaters are often more powerful, with heating capacities ranging from 10,000 to 45,000 BTU. They are designed to provide significant radiant heat and are suitable for outdoor jobsites, ventilated shops, and large workspaces. Some outdoor heaters have dual burners for adjustable operation and heat regulation. While they provide ample heat, these heaters require adequate ventilation to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning.

When choosing a propane heater, it is important to consider factors such as ignition type, portability, heating power, safety features, and the intended use of the heater. Additionally, the size of the heater and the availability of power outlets in the desired location can also influence the decision.

Carbon monoxide poisoning is a risk if outdoor heaters are used inside

Propane tank top heaters are portable heaters that can be used outdoors for camping, in garages, or on patios and porches. They are fuelled by propane gas and can provide heat for a large area, with some models offering up to 45,000 BTU of heat output. While these heaters offer a convenient way to warm outdoor spaces, it is important to recognize the dangers associated with their use, particularly the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colourless, odourless, and tasteless gas that is produced when fuel burns. It can be released by malfunctioning appliances or heaters, as well as vehicles, generators, and fireplaces. When CO is inhaled, it prevents the body from using oxygen effectively, leading to potential harm to the brain, heart, and other organs. The risk of carbon monoxide poisoning is heightened when heaters are used in enclosed or poorly ventilated spaces.

Outdoor heaters, including propane tank top heaters, are designed for outdoor use only. Using them inside can significantly increase the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning. When operated in enclosed spaces, these heaters can release CO and other toxic fumes, while also depleting the oxygen in the room. The dangers are even greater when using older models that lack oxygen sensors, which shut off the heater when oxygen levels drop too low.

To mitigate the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning, it is crucial to follow safety guidelines. Never use outdoor heaters, such as propane tank top heaters, inside. Always operate them in well-ventilated outdoor areas, ensuring there is adequate airflow. Additionally, regular maintenance and inspections of heating equipment are essential to identify any potential issues, such as cracks or blockages, that could lead to carbon monoxide leaks.

By adhering to proper usage guidelines and maintaining your heating equipment, you can significantly reduce the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning associated with the use of outdoor heaters.

Frequently asked questions