Why Do T-Shirts Crack? Understanding Fabric Wear And Tear

Cracking prints on T-shirts can be frustrating, especially when it happens to your favourite shirt. There are several reasons why this may occur, including everyday wear and tear, frequent machine washing, heat, or poor print quality. Luckily, there are ways to prevent and fix cracking prints. To prevent cracking, it is recommended to wash printed garments inside out with cold water and avoid machine drying and ironing over the print. If the cracking has already occurred, there are a few repair methods, including applying exterior paint or placing a new fabric object on the shirt.

Characteristics of T-Shirt Cracking

Poor print quality

• Type of printing method used: Different printing methods such as screen printing, direct-to-garment (DTG), digital printing, vinyl, transfers, sublimation, and rhinestones have varying levels of durability. Screen printing, for example, involves laying ink on top of the garment, which can eventually crack or peel, especially if the ink is not properly cured. DTG printing may result in colours appearing softer or thinner, depending on the colours used and the number of colours in the design.
• Thickness of the ink layer: If the paint is applied too thickly, it can cause cracking as it is unable to properly adhere to the fabric.
• Alignment and preparation: Misalignment of the image during the printing process can result in poor print quality. Additionally, improper preparation of the fabric, such as not using a solution to help the ink adhere, can also contribute to cracking.
• Ink colour: Certain colours, such as white, can be more challenging to make opaque, and may appear transparent or show the tee colour through.
• Ink quantity: Insufficient ink can lead to a thin coat that is more prone to cracking and peeling.
• Artwork design: The way the digital art file is designed or the style used by the artist can impact the print quality. For example, a grainy image may result in a grainy print.
• Printer issues: A low ink level or issues with the printing heads can cause the print to appear faded or lacking in detail.

To prevent and minimise cracking due to poor print quality, it is recommended to choose a reputable company that uses high-quality printing methods and inks. Additionally, proper care of the garment, such as washing inside out in cold water and avoiding machine drying and ironing over the print, can help prolong the lifespan of the print.

Improper washing techniques

Wash Garments Inside Out

Turn the garment inside out before putting it in the washing machine. This will protect the print from colliding with other items of clothing, reducing the likelihood of cracks forming. This method also prevents the print from coming into contact with the drum of the washing machine, which could cause damage.

Use a Mesh Laundry Bag or Pillowcase

Placing the garment inside a mesh laundry bag provides further protection from contact with other items. If you don't have a mesh bag, a pillowcase works just as well. Simply tie off the open end and add it to the wash.

Wash Less or Use Less Detergent

Reducing the number of times you wash your t-shirts can help prevent cracking. However, if this is not an option, consider using less detergent instead. Detergents contain harsh chemicals that can break down t-shirt graphics over time. Opt for liquid detergents designed for delicates, as they are less harsh on clothing.

Wash in Cold Water

Hot water will wear out fabrics and designs faster than cold water. While hot water may be great for cleaning, it is rough on colours and can cause fading, shrinkage, and damage to fibres. Cold water will not ruin your custom apparel and will provide an equally thorough clean.

Avoid the Tumble Dryer

Graphic t-shirts do not react well to heat. Even the low tumble setting on dryers can cause ink to crack. Instead, consider hanging your t-shirts up to dry. Not only will this save you money on your energy bill, but it will also help to reduce your carbon footprint.

Heat damage

The fibres in natural fabrics such as cotton, linen, and wool can be damaged if too much moisture is removed during the drying process. These fibres have a natural moisture content, and when over-dried, they will reabsorb moisture from the atmosphere, weakening the fibres over time.

Heat from an iron can also damage T-shirt prints, making them more prone to cracking and peeling. It is therefore recommended to avoid ironing printed T-shirts, and if you do need to iron the garment, to avoid ironing over the print itself.

Inappropriate ink or primer

The print on your T-shirt can crack due to inappropriate ink or primer. When buying a T-shirt, people often pay more attention to the material and cut of the clothing rather than the quality of the print. Unfortunately, some manufacturers may cut corners by using low-quality primers or not treating the T-shirts with primer properly. This can lead to a reduction in the quality and durability of the print.

Another issue could be the use of inappropriate ink. Some manufacturers may use inks that are not suitable for the specific type of printing being used. This can also result in a lower-quality print that is more prone to cracking.

To avoid these issues, it is important to choose T-shirts from reputable manufacturers who adhere to the proper printing technologies and use high-quality inks and primers. By selecting well-known and trusted brands, you can reduce the likelihood of encountering issues with the print on your T-shirts.

Additionally, proper care of your T-shirts can also help prevent cracking. This includes following the care instructions on the label, washing inside out in cold water, avoiding machine drying, and not ironing over the print. By taking these precautions, you can help maintain the quality and longevity of your printed T-shirts.

Aggressive chemicals

To prevent this issue, it is recommended to use liquid detergents specifically designed for delicate fabrics rather than powdered detergents, as they tend to be harsher. Opting for liquid detergents made for delicates can help prevent cracking, shrinkage, and discolouration of your T-shirts.

In addition to choosing the right detergent, washing printed T-shirts inside out can also help protect the designs from colliding with other clothes or the washer and dryer walls. This simple technique can effectively reduce the chances of cracking. Similarly, placing the T-shirt in a mesh laundry bag or a pillowcase during washing can provide further protection by minimising contact with other items.

Another crucial factor is the water temperature used for washing. Hot water may be effective for cleaning, but it can be harsh on colours and lead to fading, shrinkage, and fibre damage. On the other hand, washing in cold water will not only preserve the graphics but also ensure that your T-shirt is just as clean.

Lastly, it is important to avoid using excessive heat when drying your T-shirts. Even the low tumble setting on dryers can cause the ink to crack. Instead, consider hanging your T-shirts to dry, which will not only prolong the life of your garments but also help reduce energy consumption and minimise greenhouse gas emissions.

Frequently asked questions